History Test Thursday, January 31
January 24, 2008
History Test Study Guide: Chapters 11, 12, and 13
Test date: Thursday, January 31
Chapter 11: Pathfinders to the West
People to Know
Daniel Boone –He was a trailblazer who Left North Carolina to settle Kentucky. He blazed a trail across the Appalachian mountains know as the Wilderness Trail. He had many run ins with the Indians and was even captured. He escaped in time to warn the people of Boonesboro that Indians were planning to attack and he saved the town.
Eli Whitney – He invented the cotton gin which made it easier to take the seeds out of cotton. This invention led to people moving into the south to grow cotton.
Important Things to Know
Indians living in Kentucky and the West did not like having settlers moving there because the settlers killed the animals and cut down the forests to clear land for farming.
Chapter 12: Texas, The Lone-Star State
Words to know
“New Land” was the motto of American pioneers. They pushed farther and farther West in search of new land to farm.
Massacre – when many people are killed for no reason.
People to Know
Stephen Austin – is called the “Father of Texas” because he brought the first American settlers into Texas.
Sam Houston – was the Commander-in-Chief of the Texan army during the war with Mexico.
Santa Anna – was the Commander-in-Chief of the Mexican arm.
Important Things to Know
The Battles of San Antonio (the Alamo), Goliad, and San Jacinto were three important battles of the Texas War for Independence. Mexico won at the Alamo and at Goliad. The Americans won at San Jacinto.
War started between Texas and Mexico for two reasons:
1. Texans had no say in the way the Mexican government was run.
2. Mexico forbade slavery, but Texans continued to use slaves on their plantation farms.
The Alamo – 188 Texans defended the Alamo against several thousand men in the Mexican army. They lasted 11 days in the fort. Every single man defending the fort died. Davie Crockett and Jim Bowie were two of the heroes who fought and died there.
Battle of San Jacinto – On April 21, 1836 the Texans defeated the Mexican army and won Texas’ Independence from Mexico. As they charged to battle the Texans yelled, Remember the Alamo!
Texas became part of the United States in 1845. There were two reasons Texans wanted to become part of the US. 1. Most Texans came from the United States and 2. They were afraid of Mexico, a much larger country, attacking them.
Chapter 13: California, the Golden State
Words to know
49ers - were people who went to California in search of Gold.
Gold Rush – was a mass migration to California of people in search of gold.
Black Gold – was oil.
People to Know
John Sutter – Gold was found on his land.
Junipero Serra – started nine missions in California.
Santa Anna – was the Commander-in-Chief of the Mexican arm.
Important Things to Know
In 1846 Americans in California held a meeting and declared that California was free and independent of Mexico.
California became a state by 1850.
There was no easy way to reach California. Some people went across the mountains on horseback; many traveled in covered wagons, like the Oregon Trail; and some went by ship around South America.
Besides Gold, California had fertile soil for farming, grasslands for grazing large herds of cows, and excellent harbors to offer settlers as a reason to move there.
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